Scientific Highlights
First Light at MaxIV for SOPHIE
On January 23rd, 2024, first "Swedish" X-ray light was delivered to the SOPHIE endstation, currently installed at the SoftiMAX beamline of the MaxIV light source.
Achieving ultra-low and -uniform residual magnetic fields in a very large magnetically shielded room for fundamental physics experiments
n2EDM is the current state of the art experiment carrying out a high-precision search for an electric dipole moment of the neutron at the ultra-cold neutron source of PSI. In order to reach it’s incredible precision of 10-27 e cm, a stable and uniform magnetic environment is critical. Thus, shielding the experiment from external magnetic flux and preparing a pristine magnetic environment is crucial. To achieve this, n2EDM uses both passive and active magnetic shielding components. External, or residual, magnetic field contributions must be near-zero, and can be achieved via “degaussing” the experiment’s passive magnetic shielding. Degaussing reduces, ideally “erases”, the residual magnetization of a material. In this work, we greatly improved the degaussing procedure of n2EDM, reducing the residual magnetic field by a factor of two, improving its uniformity, and all while taking less time and dissipating less heat.
A precision mechanical masterpiece in miniature
With the discovery of a golden miniature box lock, an extraordinary and unique archaeological find was made in north-western Germany by a licensed detectorist.
The object represents an extremely reduced and valuable version of the provincial Roman box locks. These everyday objects were in general significantly larger and normally made either of iron, iron with silver or bronze bands or bronze.
Solid-state qubits: Forget about being clean, embrace mess
So says new recipe for dense arrays of qubits with long lifetimes.
Observing laser-induced recrystallization
Synchrotron X-ray diffraction sheds light on laser-induced local recrystallization .
Field-induced bound-state condensation and spin-nematic phase in SrCu2(BO3)2 revealed by neutron scattering up to 25.9 T
In quantum magnetic materials, ordered phases induced by an applied mag- netic field can be described as the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of mag- non excitations. In the strongly frustrated system SrCu2(BO3)2, no clear magnon BEC could be observed, pointing to an alternative mechanism, but the high fields required to probe this physics have remained a barrier to detailed investigation.Here we exploit the first purpose-built high-field neutron scattering facility to measure ...
Water-assisted generation of catalytic interface: The case of interfacial Pt-FeOx(OH)y sites active in preferential carbon monoxide oxidation
Pt-FeOx(OH)y interface with enhanced activity for PROX is generated via strong metal-support interaction. Increase in the degree of hydroxylation of Pt-FeOx(OH)y interface enhances the rate of PROX mediated by active Fe2+ species.
Designing the stripe-ordered cuprate phase diagram through uniaxial-stress
Understanding the degree to which charge-stripe, spin-stripe, and superconducting orders compete/coexist is paramount for elucidating the microscopic pairing mechanism in the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. We explore the tunability of magnetism, superconductivity, and crystal structure in the stripe phase of the cuprate La2−xBaxCuO4, by employing complementary techniques under compressive uniaxial stress in the CuO2 plane. Our results show a sixfold increase ...
Climate-neutral aviation: will it fly?
The European aviation sector stands at a pivotal juncture in its quest to achieve net-zero climate impacts. Focusing on flight CO2 emissions overlooks up to 80% of the sector's climate repercussions.
Our research delves deep into the role of electricity-based synthetic jet fuels and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS) as potential game-changers. These solutions promise climate-neutral aviation, but there's a catch: the relentless rise in air traffic. Relying solely on renewables-derived synthetic fuels may strain both economic and natural resources. On the flip side, offsetting fossil jet fuel impacts via DACCS poses its own set of challenges. Our findings underscore one clear message: for a genuinely climate-neutral European aviation, we must reconsider the scale of air traffic.
Quantification of PEFC Catalyst Layer Saturation via Small-Angle X‑ray Scattering
The complex nature of liquid water saturation in polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) catalyst layers (CLs) greatly affects the device performance. To investigate this problem, a method to quantify the presence of liquid water in a PEFC CL using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was developed in a collaboration of researchers of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM, Berlin, Germany), the Photon Science Division and the Electrochemistry Laboratory of PSI. The method leverages the differences in electron densities between the solid catalyst matrix and the CL-pores filled with liquid water under dry and wet conditions, respectively.